Technical diving is a term used to describe all diving methods that exceed the limits imposed on depth and/or immersion time for recreational scuba diving. Technical diving often involves the use of special gas mixtures ( other than compressed air ) for breathing. The type of gas mixture used is determined either by the maximum depth planned for the dive, or by the length of time that the diver intends to spend underwater. While the recommended maximum depth for conventional scuba diving is 130 ft, technical divers may work in the range of 170 ft to 350 ft, sometimes even deeper.
Technical diving almost always requires one or more mandatory decompression "stops" upon ascent, during which the diver may change breathing gas mixes at least once. Decompression stops are necessary to allow gases that have accumulated in the diver's tissues ( primarily nitrogen ) to be released in a slow and controlled manner. If an individual exceeds the limits of time and/or depth for recreational diving, and/or ascends too quickly, large bubbles can form in the tissues, joints, and bloodstream.
This is but one of many references to a distinction between recreational diving and technical diving easily found in books or a quick google search online. I won't try to quote them all. IANTD, TDI, GUE, NOAA, PADI, NAUI, and I'm sure countless other diving organizations do feel a distinction is necessary between the realms of technical diving and traditional sport diving.
Are there grey areas where the distinction is blurred? Certainly. Wearing doubles on a dive doesn't mean it is a "technical" dive. Breathing nitrox doesn't make you a "tech" diver, even though technically you're breathing a gas mixture other than air. There are even classes now certifying you to use tri-ox within recreational depth limits, so even breathing helium doesn't in and of itself make one a "technical" diver. Advanced dives running lines inside of wrecks fall into the grey area, certainly. Using rebreathers falls into the grey area. Recent years have seen an explosion of new devices and techniques available to recreational divers that would have been considered exclusively confined to the "technical" realm a decade ago. So granted, the grey area is getting bigger and bigger.
Does that grey area invalidate the distinction? No. In fact, it might be a good reason to make the distinction, and really strive to define it better, instead of muddying the waters.
Do you need to have a long hose, or a backplate and wings, to dive a set of doubles? No. But Brian is not incorrect when he says these are required for technical training. I would agree that not everyone straps on a set of double tanks with the intention of doing anything more than recreational diving within no-stop limits, but for those that do, a long hose would be considered standard equipment. Most people have different visual pictures in their minds when you say "scuba gear" and "tech gear", and most divers do picture a much more advanced skillset when the subject of "tech" diving is being discussed.
We assign values to words, and by doing so, give our language meaning. This allows us to exchange ideas in a meaningful way. Without distinctions like "technical" and "recreational", many of the discussions we have in a forum like this would have very little meaning at all.
The separation "technical diving" is not, IMHO, a valid separation. It is artificial, useless and actually misleading to refer to any diving as "technical." It serves no valid purpose.
To me, this is like saying "The seperation between soccer and golf is not a valid seperation. It is useless and actually misleading, because both games use balls and are played on grassy fields". Yes, I'm exaggerating a bit to stress my point, but you can see where I'm going with it. The distinction between technical diving and recreational diving is certainly valid, and hardly misleading. I for one would like to see you explain further why you seem to feel otherwise...